Let’s keep it simple: the letter indicates the key, the rest of the chord name tells you the triad type and what, if any, additional notes are in the chord, Letter + triad + [add(s) or 7th] + extended notes. Every chord tone can be played one or more octaves higher or even lower than the root on the guitar. Use this tool alongside your guitar lessons and music theory lessons. You can understand all chord names by breaking them down to their core elements. The Major 6 is usually written simply as ‘6’. The other reason why these two chords are so important is that they are the foundation on which most other chords are built. Therefore, the only possibilities we have are: Any other possible combinations (such as 1 – b3 – #5) are so uncommon and impractical that we just don’t bother with them. If you were to play the notes "C," "E," and "G" together, for instance, you would be playing a C Major Chord. Maybe even more, depending on the style of music. So far, we have only looked at triads (3-note chords). Whenever we play any Major chord, we are actually playing the Major triad. And that comes down to numbers and labels. All guitar chords chart with major, minor, dominant seventh & minor seventh chords in every key & many other types of chord. This is true, but what happens when we play the Major scale over 2 octaves? We haven’t gone down the rabbit hole of exploring all the different combinations, because most of them are so obscure, that it would be impractical to try to include them all. What A Beautiful Name Chords by Hillsong. It becomes: It can generally be used in place of a Dominant 7 Sus 4 chord, but has a funkier, jazzier sound. That’s what we’re going to try to break down in this lesson. There are many approaches you can use to explore chords. 5 what? For example: C–E–(G)–B ♭ –(D)–(F)–A, or C–E–(G)–A–B ♭ –(D)–(F). There are 5 main chord types, these are: Major; Minor; Dominant 7th; Minor 7th; Major 7th; You can learn easy versions of all these chords here: 14 Easy Guitar Chords For Beginners. We build chords by taking the Major scale and stacking notes in thirds. Each chord name is really just a way of indicating which chord tones (numbers) should be included. We know that the speaker is talking about minutes. Learning the guitar string notes, names and order can be a bit tricky. A few things to watch out for: Strings that aren't strummed should be set to "Mute" and open strings should be set to zero. Since in both shapes there are only the notes G, B and D, the nomenclature does not change; the name of the chord is “G major” for both formats. These are chords that have four notes and have some variation of the following chord tones: Again, these numbers reference notes from the Major scale. These have a higher pitch to them. Chords Names Symbols and Notation. G Major Chord. The guitar string names we’ve covered here are in standard tuning, but there are around a dozen different tunings that are used in different genres. Chances are, you already know how to play a bunch of different chords. The 9 Sus 4 chord is essentially a 9th chord (1, 3, 5, b7, 9), with a suspended 4, which … To understand complex chord labels, you need the understand the building blocks that get us there. But you’ve probably also come across some chord symbols that look like hieroglyphs and have wondered from time to time, what do all these symbols and add-ons actually mean? Here are a few sample phrases to get you started: Easter Bunnies Get Dizzy At Easter Please comment below and share this article if you found it helpful as that helps other musicians find my website. … Also, consider this – since we can leave notes out of chords (rule #4), often when guitarists come across add 2 (or add 9) chords, we leave out the 3 (trying to include both the 2 and the 3 can create difficult fingerings), so in practice, add 2 (or add 9) chords should look like this: But sometimes end up being played like this: Which is exactly the same as the suspended 2 chord. If you do that, there won’t be a chord out there that you won’t know how to construct. Instead of saying C Major, we usually just say C. Instead of saying Bb Major, we usually just say. (Guitar Technique). 19,889. Just three notes. CAGED System (Guitar Fretboard Visualization), Chromatic Scale Notes For Guitar: Definition & Scale Shapes, What Is A Guitar Ghost Note? The keys we use for a guitar chord chart. So why have different labels that refer to different octaves of the same note?”. There are quite a lot. The fingers of the left hand are labeled with numbers. The maximum number of elements for a chord is 4 but there are 5 possible elements or components to a chord. Basics of the tritone on the guitar. Although there are a lot of chord names out there, you can actually become very proficient by understanding the general rules and learning to construct chords yourself. The half diminished 9 chord has quite a dark sound, but it can be a great substitute for a regular half diminished chord. Which is why we don’t need to cover every possible chord, for you to understand how to figure out every chord. All PayPal contributions are greatly appreciated! This is relevant now that we’re getting into bigger chords, because the maximum number of notes that a guitarist can play at once is six notes (for six-string guitars anyway). The following chart includes the chords that we have covered so far, as well as different ways that the chords can be referred to. For example the Major 7 b9 chord. This is something that we could explore further, but at the end of the day, the best thing to do is just remember it as a rule: The minor 7 chord contains a flat 3 and flat 7. Therefore, when we add extra notes to a chord (usually to a 7th chord), there are only three numbers that haven’t already been covered: 2, 4, 6 – That’s what we’re going to cover now. If you see “b5” in a chord without the “m” for minor, then that is a 7b5 chord with the Maj b5 chord as it’s the base chord. Bb Major is enharmonically the same as A# Major, but we use Bb Major much more than A#. If you hear how a new word sounds, you can probably guess what the spelling of the word is, with a reasonable degree of accuracy, but sometimes you come across exceptions. Firstly, the Major and minor chords are easily the most common chords. Chord Namer - The right name for any chord. In fact, sometimes the chord is actually written as Maj7(b5), because #4 and b5 are the same note of the scale. The Augmented chord is just a Major triad with a raised 5th. This is done sometimes out of taste, and sometimes out of necessity. How To Play A Guitar Chord. I’m going to simply state what these rules are, and then come back to them at relevant points throughout the lesson: Learning about chords is a mixture of logic and seemingly arbitrary rules. The most common triad is the Major triad. Many people skip this part, but it's important in order to be able to tune your guitar and start learning notes to play. It’s true that context and function play a big role in how chords work together, and why certain chords are labeled the way they are (Major, diminished etc.). The E Major scale contains the following notes: Therefore, the E Major chord (1 – 3 – 5) contains the following notes: Yet, the most common way to play the E Major chord on the guitar is as follows: You’ve probably played this chord before. Hopefully, this lesson demystifies chord construction for you, and acts as a solid one-page reference guide for helping you to explore chords yourself. With common chords, we use shortcuts (through names and symbols) to quickly communicate the chord that we’re after. List of musical chords Name Chord on C Sound # of p.c.-Forte # p.c. I have a simple 5-step process to help you understand how to name any possible chord. G Major consists of three-finger notes, G, B, and D. As a reminder, G is the root note. The way to name chords on guitar can be a bit subjective, although the system that is taught in most universities and music schools revolves around whether the chord we are naming contains a 7th, and to a lesser extent, a third. You can easily search for them and find out how to play them. I’m choosing 3 chords from C major – the scale with all-natural notes. Of course, there are many other combinations of the above notes, that are theoretically possible. The dominant 7 chord is usually just abbreviated to 7, for example, we usually say A7 instead of A dominant 7. It also explains why that name is the correct name for the chord. We can basically double up on any notes that we want, and play each of the notes in any octave. It contains the 1st note (also known as the root note), 3rd note and 5th note of the Major scale. If you don’t, I suggest you go and read this lesson on Major scales here. But this lesson is designed to teach you about the chords that you are likely to come across and use. This is really where this lesson is headed – to be able to give you the rules and principles that will allow you to figure out any chord that you come across. … The 9 of the chord can be altered. Let’s deconstruct some advanced chord names so you have examples to help you visualize the chord naming process. In fact, all of the chords covered so far in this lesson have been covered already in the lessons leading up to this one. There are some chords that contain 7 notes, though, so the fact that you can only play six notes means that you would need to omit at least one note when playing such a chord. I like making music. But by now you should at least have a clear idea of where the grey areas are, so I’m simply going to go through each label, and tell you what notes should be included. Because the Major chord is the most commonly used chord, we often abbreviate Major chords to just the root note. A lesson on chord labels wouldn’t be complete without including the variations that occur with the labels themselves. We are going to cover a lot. The ninth (second) may also be omitted. I always feel a bit like a mad scientist when I’m figuring out chords. It has a really cool ‘acid jazz’ kind of sound. One thing that you need to get your head around when learning chords on the guitar, is how we deal with the ‘numbers’ (chord tones) inside every chord. Again, we reference notes from the Major scale: Just like with all chords, both of these are built, by referring to notes of the Major scale, albeit with alterations (#5, b5 etc). You can change the octave of notes when constructing a chord (rule #3), but the octave referred to in the labels themselves can imply different things. This lesson is part five of a series of lessons on chords. This is confusing, but at the end of the day, there are only a few of these arbitrary rules. Experiment and have fun. You have probably learnt how to play them by associating different shapes and fingerings with different chord names. You must agree that, although the name does not change, the sound is slightly different, depending on which note you are doubling, as it is more prominent. Extensions (2s, 4s and 6s) – 7th chords include the chord tones 1, 3, 5 and 7 (or alterations of those chord tones). Earlier, I said that the Major scale contains 7 notes. The next thing to know is all of your intervals. Our most basic chords are the Major triads: There are also two other, less common triads, If we add another 3rd onto our basic Major triad, we get a basic 7th chord (which is known as the Major 7 chord). The minor 7 chord is another very important chord, because it is the most common 4-note minor chord. “But wait a minute…”, I here you say. After the fifth, the most commonly omitted note is the 11th (fourth). They make up all of the practical, usable variations of 1, 3, 5, 7. Together with the Major and minor triads, these chords get used roughly 95% of the time (just a guess). We usually leave out the ‘5’, because it clashes with the #4. Experimenting with chords is one of the most effective ways of exploring the guitar and igniting your creative spark. In this case, C#, the 3rd note of the A Major scale, gets lowered or ‘flattened’ by one semitone, so that it becomes C natural (or simply, C). This means that if you take the 1st, 3rd and 5th notes of the Major scale, for any given root note, you have your Major chord. This is obviously a massive topic, and we’ve covered a lot in this lesson. Donations will allow me to pay my bills and provide you with great content. The number of elements in a chord depends on the number of notes in a chord. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you accept the use of cookies. Yes, lots. Chord names are often abbreviated, or represented using symbols. A chord is three or more notes played simultaneously. The most simple one is to deconstruct an existing chord/shape. The following outlines the three main categories of chords that we will explore. That means that the suspended 2 chord looks like this: We have already looked at the suspended 2 chord (1 – 2 – 5). MY SITE - "You're Free Online Guitar Teacherhttp://www.guitarmadeez.comMY FREE GUITAR TIPS - "Follow These Tips And YOU WILL get better!! The 2nd note of the Major scale is the same as the 9th note (one octave apart). I compare this to learning how to spell words in English. When I first learned to play guitar, I avoided this for a long time because I didn’t really have a good way to remember the names of the strings. Rule #3 – You can change the octave of notes. Which usually means that you can interpret the chord name based on the other labels that we’ve covered and then simply add in any alterations that are specified. Next guitar power chords chart - power chords on the third and fourth string. You need to know the 4 triad types and the other 3-note chords: sus or sus4, sus2, and Maj b5. Then try to turn it into another chord by adding to it or modifying it. between 3rd and 7th) are irrelevant for the chord name. Not only this, but we actually abbreviate Major chords even further. They will become part of your library of chords. I haven’t done a statistical analysis, but if I did, I’m sure I’d find that the basic Major and minor chords are used around 80 percent of the time. Here’s a visual example, using the C Major scale: All you really need to know is that stacking thirds produces chords that sound good and usable (as opposed to stacking 4ths, for example, which can sound a bit weird and ‘out there’). Cant Help Falling In Love. ), you can literally figure how to play chords as you go. This lesson is very much theory based. There is no strumming pattern for this song yet. So we’re basically pretending that certain, ‘way out there’ chords don’t exist. So there you have it. Exploring chords is also one of the best ways to deepen your knowledge of the fretboard, because it requires you to constantly be aware of the notes in any given position. Again, it is common to leave certain notes out. Guitar chords are usually represented by the name of the root note, and the scale it is based on, such as A Major, written as simply A. An A chord built on a minor scale is called A Minor, and written as Am. The same goes with chord names. You will come up with lots of interesting shapes and sounds. Remember, triads are 3-note chords, made up of the 1st, 3rd and 5th notes of the Major scale, or an alteration of those notes. In some ways, ‘figuring out’ chords is relatively easy. The preceding lessons are more of a practical guide to learning chords – in which order should you learn them and how they fit in to rough categories. They are the honourable mentions in the long list of chords covered in this lesson. The most common three are: The eight chords above are what I would call standard 7th chords. Omitting notes from the chord. Take a shape that you have come across or you already know and analyse the notes inside the chord. So it makes sense that the minor 7 chord has a flat 3 in it. The minor triad contains the following notes of the Major scale: The ‘b3’ (“flat 3”) simply means that we lower the 3rd note of the Major scale by a semitone (or the equivalent of one fret). For Example, Ab Major is enharmonically the same as G# Major, but we use Ab Major much more than G# Major. What we’re going to do now is look at all of the possible 7th chord variations. (Learn that fretboard - I've got an easy method to learn it on this site.) If we look at the notes in the chord (from the 6th string to the 1st string), we have the following: E (1), B (5), E (1, up one octave), G# (3, up one octave), B (5, up one octave), E (1, up two octaves). The 6 is rarely altered (b6, #6), because a ‘b6’ is the same note as a ‘#5’, and the ‘#6’ is the same note as the b7, although you will probably come across b6 from time to time, for example, minor 7 (b6). Use this diagram to help you move any scale, arpeggio, or chord to a different starting note. Same idea - the name of the chord is the name of the note that your first finger is on. I want you to be able to come across any chord name, and be able to figure out which notes should be included. Remember that suspended chords mean that the 3rd is replaced by the 2nd or 4th. The minor chord, for example, is often shortened to a lower case ‘m’, or simply a minus sign (-). We’ve just gone over the Major 7 chord, but here it is again. For example, the G chord is made up of the pitches G, B, and D — its root, 3rd, and 5th. We covered suspended chords (sus chords) in a previous lesson. Of course, this is a big, sweeping generalisation, as beauty is in the ear of the beholder. The 4th note of the Major scale is the same as the 11 (one octave apart). The B Major 6 chord, for example, is made up of the B Major chord, as well as the 6th note of the Major scale. This gives us the notes C#, E and G, which is the C# diminished triad, therefore the seventh chord in the key of D is C# diminished. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. is a dominant 7 chord, with an added 13 (or 6): The minor 6 chord is a minor 7 chord, with an added 6 (or 13): Often, we omit the b7, in order to fit the 6 in. These chords both consist of four notes, three of which are exactly the same in both chords: A root note A minor third A diminished fifth Those chord names are just chords with a note in the bass other than the chord root. You shouldn’t expect yourself to be a chord expert straight away. If you’re new to chords, it would be worth going back and reading those lessons. We know that all minor chords include the ‘flat 3rd’ of the scale. Some of this is covered in earlier lessons, but I want this lesson to be a complete reference guide in its own right, so I’m going to go over the concepts again here. There are symbols that are used for various chord types like the triangle for major 7 chords, the superscript circle or “dim” for diminished chords, and the “+” symbol or “aug” for augmented chords. By leaving notes out of a chord, it does not necessarily mean that the chord becomes something else. If you are trying to name a chord that you “discovered”, then start stacking the chord tones in thirds to correctly name it yourself. Elvis Presley. Our chord namer knows how to name any chord. Let’s go through each of these numbers and look at how they’re used in chord land: Before we start talking about all the ways we can use the ‘2nd’ note of the scale, we need to talk about the ‘9th’ note. It contains the following chord tones: The 13 chord (written as G13 or Db13 etc.) After entering or changing a chord shape in the fretboard, the tone on the lowest string is considered as the root. There are eight in total, but three chords are much more common and important, so we’re going to look a these first. …These are the three most common and important 7th chords. You get the idea. If you have a 7th then the adds become extensions, and without a 7th the extensions are “add” notes. It allows you to select frets and see which chord they make; this promotes experimentation and learning the notes on the fretboard. You’ll see “m” for minor chords, “m” and “b5”  for diminished chords, “sus” for suspended chords, and “#5” for augmented chords. The chord namer will automatically name a chord shape (if a valid chord shape is supplied.) This is a great chord that often works in place of a Major 7 chord. For example, G6, or Db6. Once you become familiar with the numbers that are included in the different labels (Major, minor, augmented etc. At the end of the day, all I’m really highlighting is that you can play the notes of a chord in whichever octave you like, and you can double up on notes as much as you like. The intervals between the chord tones (e.g. Everything up until this point has really been one big introduction  (sorry about the length). It is effectively the ‘master scale’. If you have a PHD in chord theory, and you are reading this, I apologise. The Dominant 7 suspended 4 chord (for example, B7 sus 4) contains the following notes: The 6th note of the scale is the same as the 13th note of the scale (different octaves). We get the following: As you can see, ‘2’ and ‘9’ are actually the same note, but one octave apart. The diminished chord is just a minor triad with a flattened 5th. However, music theory will be required, but I will keep that subject to a minimum. This is simply a minor 7 chord, with an added 9: Remember, there are certain chords that exist in theory, but just don’t sound good, or have many practical applications. Major flat 5 is not really a chord but it is the base of all dominant 7th chords that have a diminished 5th. There are eight usable variations of 1, 3, 5, 7: If you’ve kept up so far, you will have realised that chord knowledge is largely about numbers. Guitar Chords Chart Printable PDF. We have covered all of the different ingredients that can be used to construct chords. But you should challenge yourself to try to figure out chord shapes yourself. The 3rd of the chord is a B, the leading tone of C major. And so on it goes. “Didn’t you say earlier that you can change the octave of notes (Rule #3) however you wish? Because the 2 and the 9 are basically the same note. Before we go into too much detail though, we need to go back to the basics and start from there. If you are looking for more chords and various categories, go to the chords by notes section or chord by types section. But it might not be so obvious as to why the minor 7 chord has a flat 7 instead of just a regular 7. However, it is most often written as Major 7#11. Having said that, the following (unofficial) rules will help you navigate through some of the confusing aspects of chord construction. This lesson is not for the faint-hearted. https://everyguitarchord.com/guitar-chord-names-how-to-name-chords To figure out the notes inside the chord, all we really need to do is take the E minor Major 7 chord (1, b3, 5, 7) and then add the b9 and #11: Figuring out how to play it on the guitar would then be another process, but you can see that the more obscure a chord is, the more ‘spelled out’ it becomes. It’s worth mentioning that there are some grey areas when it comes to chord construction, especially when dealing with the guitar. Triads – Triads form the basic chords that most people know and use pretty much all the time (Major and minor) as well as a few which are less used (augmented and diminished). The notes you group together will change the sound of a chord, obviously, and will also change the name of the chord you are playing. It contains the following notes: The 9 Sus 4 chord is essentially a 9th chord (1, 3, 5, b7, 9), with a suspended 4, which means that we take away the 3, and replace it with the 4. Full names: G major | G major 7th | G 7th | G minor | G minor 7th. Or modifying it usable variations of 1, 3, 5, 7 what happens when we play the and... Out ’ chords don ’ t know how to build chords by stacking notes of the scale. Main categories of chords reason why these two chords are built tones: 13. Guitar string notes, G is the most common ways, ‘ figuring out chords and. Is talking about minutes no problem, just add the right name for any missing notes Major minor. 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Of strings realise that these descriptions are all you need to become with... The speaker is talking about minutes about the length ), and b5. Note intervals next thing to do is play the chords yourself and come up with lots of interesting and! More, depending on the fret board that correspond to where your guitar chords names go and hit `` go '' 7... Would call standard 7th chords chords that are used for the chord is a... Seventh chords in every key the meaning of the confusing aspects of chord construction ‘ chord tones the. Minor triad with a flattened 5th in other keys as well the augmented chord is a big sweeping.